Gender-political situation in France
Legal situation:
- Gender Equality law
- Anti-discrimination law
- Laws on quotas, above all in the political and economic fields
- Other laws/statutory regulations and government programmes
Protagonists:
Academia:
Brief description and evaluation
The first ever gender-balanced government was instituted in France in 2012, with 17 women and 17 men, and with more women (11) heading ministries than men (9). A ministry for women’s rights was re-established.
In 2011, a parliamentary report defined prostitution as a form of violence against women and a resolution reaffirmed the abolitionist principles of the Republic. In 2012, strengthened legislation on sexual harassment came into force. Deputies approved the full reimbursement of abortion procedure costs, and the availability free of charge of the contraceptive pill to girls between 15 and 18. In 2010, the pension age increased from 60 to 62, and women and men must now work an extra two years up to 67 in order to qualify for a full pension. As women already spend long periods out of the labour market for unpaid care duties, they rarely qualify for full pensions. In addition, the raise of the pension age is not accompanied by policies to improve the employability of older women, whose employment rate is much lower than men’s of the same age-group.
[Source: Country pages “France” of the European Women's Lobby's "Women's Watch 2012-13" (English, p. 21)]
In 2012 a Women’s Rights Ministry was re-established (after a 25 years-long break), with a broad policy coordination mandate.
[Source: http://eige.europa.eu/structures/gender-mainstreaming/france]
In the space of one year, France has moved up from 45th place to 16th place in the World Economic Forum´s ranking in 2014 (World Economic Forum's Global Gender Gap Report 2014). This result reflects the remarkable progress made in France in this field. France remains the leader in the health and education rankings. It is ranked 4th in terms of women’s access to ministerial positions. France’s new place in the World Economic Forum ranking demonstrates the effectiveness of public policies conducted over the past two and a half years to improve women’s rights in our society.
[Source: http://www.gouvernement.fr/en/gender-equality]
Historically speaking, gender equality in France is viewed as an absolute consequence of the French revolution – i.e. gender democracy.. This is the principle which is invoked.
Gender equality and anti-discrimination are, above all, associated with the integration of migrants. This has to do with the fact that France used to have colonies and/or, in part, still maintains departements overseas.
Legal situation
Gender equality law
France has traditionally been a centralised state. The first legislation implementing the directives, the Law of 16 November 2001, integrated the fight against discrimination as an objective in collective bargaining, branch (sub-sections of the labour force) negotiations and national negotiations. It has been completed by the creation of the French Equality Body, HALDE, with the law 2004-436, and the Law no 2008-496 of May 27, 2008 relating to the adaptation of National Law to Community Law in Matters of Discrimination adopted on May 15, 2008.
In 2011, the HALDE has been merged in a new Constitutional authority called the Defender of Rights (Défenseur des droits), created by the Organic Law no 2011-333 of 29 April 2011. Starting 1st May 2011, it holds amongst other missions the integrality of the former scope of competence, powers and missions of the HALDE.
[Source: European Network of Legal experts in the Non-discrimination Field (2013). Country Report France 2013 on measures to combat discrimination ( .doc, in English)]
In France, there is still no framework law exclusively related to the subject of gender equality, although several legislative acts address and incorporate a devoted component to this issue. This means that numerous acts and regulations actually deal with gender equality, however, they do not have this theme as its single focus.
[Source: European Institut for Gender Equality – EIGE (2013). „Gender Equality Index: Country Profiles.” (in English, p. 63)]
The adoption of the law no 2013-404 of 17 May 2013 opening access to marriage to same sex persons will put an end to indirect discriminations resulting from rights and privileges reserved to married persons such as special holidays which were held to be indirectly discriminatory by the CJEU on 12 December 2013 in the Hay case.
[Source: European Network of Legal experts in the Non-discrimination Field (2013). Country Report France 2013 on measures to combat discrimination ( .doc, in English)]
Hundreds of thousands of demonstrators took to the streets of France in 2013 to oppose this law.
A series of anti-discrimination directives exists covering a wide variety of cases of unequal treatment, not just for women and men but also for migrants, people with physical and mental impairment, etc.
Laws on quotas, above all in the political and economic fields.
Several measures have been carried out for equal representation. A 2007 act imposes strict parity rules in the elections of city and regional councils. The act also estab¬lishes financial sanctions against political parties, which would not apply equal representation of women and men among their candidates.
[Source: European Institut for Gender Equality – EIGE (2013). „Gender Equality Index: Country Profiles.” (in English, p. 63)]
In the year 2000, France became the first country in Europe to introduce a 50-percent quota for party lists. Under the current law, women and men must be named alternatively on the parties’ list of candidates. Political parties failing to observe the quota are penalized inasmuch that the funding they would ordinarily receive is reduced by the proportion that they deviate from the 50-percent quota. Until now, the reduction has been calculated at 75 percent of the difference between the share of women and men on the party lists. During the last national elections in the spring of 2012, the share of women on the party lists of the conservative UMP party came to a mere 26 percent. Based on the method of calculation used to date, the party headed by Nicolas Sarkozy therefore accepted an annual loss of four million euros (almost five million francs). This equates to 15 percent of the UMP’s annual revenue from the state. With a 45-percent rate of representation on their party lists, the socialists equally failed to meet their prescribed quota for women of 50 percent. As a consequence, they forego 900,000 euros every year.
[Source: http://www.frauensicht.ch/Politik/Frankreich-Wahllisten-xxxxx]
In 2010-2011, the French parliament adopted some of the strongest and most progressive quota legislation in the EU for parity on boards of private companies and within the higher echelons of public service. The French government has also committed to parity in the governance of universities.
[Source: Country pages “France” of the European Women's Lobby's "Women's Watch 2012-13" (English, p. 21)]
The quota legislation adopted on 13 January 2011 for parity on the supervisory and administrative boards of private companies and for equal opportunities in the workplace stipulates that 40% of all posts on the supervisory and administrative boards of companies with over 500 employees must be held by women by 2017. The text provides for a two-phase introduction of a quota for women on the executive boards of major companies. This affects supervisory and administrative boards (not the management boards) of public and listed companies: three years after the legislation comes into force, i.e. in 2014, the number of women holding posts on the boards in question must not undercut the 20% mark. Administrative boards without female representation after the legislation comes into force must elect a woman to the board within six months. / Six years after the legislation comes into force, i.e. in 2017, the number of women holding posts on executive boards must be equivalent to 40%./ If the quotas are not observed, all appointments (except those for women) will be declared invalid.
The law also includes a sanctioning mechanism that entails the possibility of temporarily suspending the payment of attendance fees for supervisory and administrative boards not in compliance with the statutory regulations.
[Source: http://www.ambafrance-de.org/Das-Gesetz-zur-Frauenquote-in (German)]
Other laws/statutory regulations and government programmes
The Interministerial Committee for Women’s Rights and Gender Equality was re-enacted and updated by decree in September 2012. The committee was given a mandate to establish an action plan in favour of equality between women and men, as well as an interministerial plan to fight violence against women. In France, National Action Plans (NAP) to fight violence against women have been launched since 2005. They cover wide-ranging issues. The plans contain prevention programmes addressing a wide range of persons: not only the general public and women survivors of violence but also specific targets (young people, migrant women, witnesses of violence) and male perpetrators. The third action plan on violence against women for the first time condemns gender-based workplace violence, rape and sexual assault and prostitution. The ministry is currently preparing the 2014–2017 NAP. On 9 July 2010, a Law on Violence Against Women, intimate partner violence, and the effects of these types of violence on children was passed by parliament, setting forth new means of protection against violence available to participants in any of the various familial structures (marriages, civil partnerships, and co-habitation).
[Source: European Institut for Gender Equality – EIGE (2013). „Gender Equality Index: Country Profiles.” (in English, p. 64)]
Protagonists
NGOs: political parties, civil society organisations
Féministes en mouvements (in French)
This “feminist movement” network came into being in 2011. Its aim is to bundle the forces of a wide variety of feminist associations, organizations and initiatives actively engaged in France (combating violence against women and sexism, campaigning for LGBT rights or criticizing capitalism and rulership, for example). The members of this movement – women and men alike – meet at regular intervals to fight for gender equality. At present, over 40 associations, organizations and initiatives have joined this movement.
These include : Adéquations, ANEF, Assemblée des femmes, Association 40 ans de mouvement, Association Entraide et Mouvement des Femmes, Association 40 ans de mouvement, Association Entraide et Mouvement des Femmes, ATTAC – commission genre, Centre LGBT Ile de France, Chiennes de Garde, Collectif Féministe Contre le Viol, Coordination française pour le Lobby Européen des Femmes, Du Côté des femmes, Elles aussi, Elu/es Contre les Violences faites aux Femmes, Elles imaginent, L’Escale, Fédération Nationale Solidarité Femmes, Féminisme et Géopolitique, Femix’Sports, Femmes migrantes debout !, Femmes pour le dire, femmes pour agir, Femmes Solidaires, FIT – Une femme, un toit, Forum Femmes Méditerranée, GAMS, GRIF, Le Monde à Travers un Regard, Ligue du Droit International des Femmes, Mémoire traumatique et victimologie, Mouvement du Nid, Mouvement Jeunes Femmes, Osez le féminisme!, Planning Familial, Rajfire, Resistances de femmes, Réseau Féministe International, Réussir l’égalité femmes-hommes, Réseau féministe « Ruptures », SOS Homophobie, SOS Sexisme, Voix de femmes .
A few of these are presented in this version of the country profile by way of example.
Contact:
E-mail: feministesenmouvements@gmail.com
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/feministesenmouvements
Elles Aussi (in French)
This women’s organisation was founded in 1992. It is particularly committed to seeing gender parity established in all elected bodies and also to promoting women’s rights.
Contact:
Elles Aussi
98 rue de l'Université
Paris 75007 France
Tel.: +33 (0)1 40 62 65 00
L'association "Osez le féminisme!" (in French)
This feminist network was founded in 2009 by activists who were demonstrating as part of the “Mouvement Français pour le Planning Familial” against the government’s budget cuts. The common ground linking women and men to this feminist network is the struggle against the prevailing gender inequality in society. The network publishes its own online feminist journal at regular intervals.
Contact:
E-mail: contact@osezlefeminisme.fr
Facebook: https://fr-fr.facebook.com/osezlefeminisme
Mouvement du Nid (in French)
Since it was established in 1937, this organization has taken care of prostitutes. Its work includes supporting women wanting to quit prostitution, fighting against violence against prostitutes and youth prevention work.
Contact:
Mouvement du Nid
8 bis rue Dagobert
BP63
92114 Clichy Cedex
Tel.: +33 (0)1 42 70 92 40
Fax: +33 (0)1 42 70 01 34
E-mail: nidnational@mouvementdunid.org
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Mouvement-du-Nid-France/645054805553735
Le Planning Familial (in French)
Founded in 1956, Le Planning Familial campaigns for, among other things, sexual freedom and sexual self-determination for women as well as for sex education and against violence against women in France and French overseas territories. It has 150 information sites in France and 29 centres offering medical advice and care. Approved by the ministry of education, this organization’s activities include educational work in schools, though it also runs information stands at town festivals, for example. Its annual reports can be downloaded in French free of charge from the organization’s website.
Contact:
Le Planning Familial
10, rue Vivienne
75002 PARIS
Tel.: (+33) 01 42 60 93 20
E-mail: mfpf75@wanadoo.fr
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ConfederationPlanningFamilial
La Fédération Nationale Solidarité Femmes (in French)
This network has been in existence for over 25 years and fights against violence against women carried out in partnerships and/or families. The network maintains information and advice centres throughout France and the French overseas territories. It also performs its education and awareness work through media campaigns, e.g. videos. A central helpline can be reached in France by speed dialling 39 19.
Contact:
Fédération Nationale Solidarité Femmes
75, Boulevard Macdonald
75019 PARIS
Facebook: https://fr-fr.facebook.com/pages/Solidarit%C3%A9-Femmes-3919/404852019611372
Contre Le Viol en France (in French)
This campaign aimed at combating violence against women is based on the “Osez le Féminisme!” initiative among others. It offers a comprehensive information package aimed at raising awareness for this issue (e.g. facts and figures on violence against women in France, video campaigns) and helps and assists female victims of violence (e.g. through its own helpline).
Contact:
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Viol-la-honte-doit-changer-de-camp/171136569573021
Ni putes ni soumises
Born out of society for society, the “Ni putes ni soumises” (“neither whores nor submissives”) organisation emerged following a multiple rape in a Paris suburb, which was made public and showed that this was not a one-off incident. The movement makes a valuable contribution towards linking equality and laicism. It encompasses women AND men with and without a migration background and was founded a few years ago in the aftermath of collective rapes in the banlieues of Paris. The organisation draws on the support of, among others, numerous French artists and well-known personalities, but is also not without its critics among “older” women’s movement activists.
Contact:
Facebook: https://fr-fr.facebook.com/niputesnisoumises
Mix Cité (in French)
is a feminist, diverse, anti-sexist, international, political and solidarity organisation in France that advocates gender equality.
Le Centre Hubertine Auclert (in French, with some English content)
Founded by the regional council of Paris Région, the Hubertine Auclert Center is a resource center dedicated to the promotion of gender equality. The main goals of the organization are promoting equality between women and men, making people aware of the necessity to fight against discrimination based on sex and gender, producing expertise in these fields, studying and increasing awareness about violence against women. Composed by non-profit organizations, elected representatives and trade unions, The Hubertine Auclert Center aims at: backing its members helping them setting up their projects, fighting against gender discrimination in schools, providing information and resources regarding gender equality through the center's website.
Contact:
Centre Hubertine Auclert
Centre francilien de ressources pour l'égalité femmes-hommes
7 impasse Milord
75018 Paris
France
Tel. +33 (0)1 75 00 04 40
Fax +33 (0)1 77 72 90 30
La Barbe Groupe d´Action Féministe (in French)
An initiative run by women from France and beyond. During their joint actions, they apply a beard on their faces to bring attention to how women are discriminated against in social life. Their actions specifically target places of “male” authority. These could be, for example, business, trade union and political conventions, etc. or dinners in restaurants involving decision-makers. These public actions are thus used as a means of protest.
Contact
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pages/La-Barbe-groupe-daction-f%C3%A9ministe/149218445123550
Les Chiennes De Garde (in French, with some German content)
Based on its manifesto published in the year 2000, the “women guard dogs”, which includes women and men alike, campaign for freedom of action and the right to self-determination of all women. They fight against sexism in society. The “Pinkstinks Germany” initiative in Germany, for example, campaigns against sexism in advertising.
Contact:
Chiennes de Garde
Maison des Associations, boîte n°11
5 rue Perrée
75003 PARIS
Facebook: https://fr-fr.facebook.com/pages/Les-Chiennes-de-garde/157507487643964
Ministère des Droits des Femmes (in French)
Reestablished in May, 2012, The Ministry of Women's Rights was firstly created in 1981 and later downgraded to a State Secretary (1993) with different labels and mandates over time. In its current shape, it has an inter-ministry, cross-sectorial mandate on Gender Equality and Gender Mainstreaming policies. It is thus entitled to intervene when/wherever Gender Equality is at stake in public policies. Hosted by the services of the Prime Minister, it monitors Gender Equality policies implemented by each Ministry, which report to the Prime Minister and the Minister of Women's Rights during Interministerial Committee for Gender Equality (Comités interministériels à l'égalité femmes-hommes). Although having limited own administrative and budgetary capacities, the Women's Rights Ministry can rely upon the resources of all other Ministries and State administrations as concerns Gender Equality. It primarily relies upon the Women's rights and Gender Equality service (SDFE) at the General Directorate for Social Inclusion (DGCS), Ministry of Social Affairs and Health.
[Source: http://eige.europa.eu/content/ministry-of-womens-rights]
Contact
Ministère des Droits des Femmes,
35, Rue Saint Dominique,
75007 Paris
Tel.: +33 142758000
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SecretariatdEtatDesDroitsDesFemmes
Haut Conseil à l'Egalité entre les Femmes et les Hommes (in French, with some English content)
Established by decree of the Prime Minister, François Holland, on January, 3rd, 2013, the High Gender Equality Council complements the institutional architecture of gender equality policies in France, bringing together several bodies that had worked separately so far and providing it with a more firm and sustainable institutional structure. In particular, it replaces the Parity Observatory (Observatoire de la parité), created in 1995. It covers all policy areas when/wherever relevant to GE, with the notable exception of Labour and Employment, covered by the Superior Council for Gender Equality in the Workplace. A consultative body reporting to the Prime Minister, it has nonetheless a broad mandate to be described as follows: - It aims to ensure consultation with civil society and to foster public debate with respect to the main orientations given to gender equality policies, including violence against women, women in the media and the fight against gender stereotypes, sexual health, equal access to decision making and the international dimension of women’s rights. - It notably contributes to the evaluation of gender equality and women’s rights policies, measuring the gap between proclaimed objectives and actually measured results. - It ensures, as regards the chapter on gender equality, the quality check of the impact assessment studies to be delivered when drafting any new piece of legislation, as well as the assessment of the ex-ante evaluation documents to be provided before the adoption of Finance and Social Security Financing acts. This competency will soon be enhanced by the future Gender equality organic act. - It collects, produces and disseminates relevant data, analyses, surveys and researches on women’s rights and gender equality, at the national, EU- and international levels.
The High Gender Equality Council comprises of 5 permanent thematic committees: 1) Parity (referring to the equal access of men and women to political, economic and administrative decision making); 2) Gender-based violence; 3) Fighting gender stereotypes and the sexual division of social roles; 4) Women’s rights at the EU- and the International level; 5) Health, sexual & reproductive rights.
Contact
Haut Conseil à l'Egalité entre les Femmes et les Hommes
35, rue Saint-Dominique,
75007 Paris
Tel: +33 1 42758691
Fax: +33 1 42 75 77 76
E-mail: haut-conseil-egalite@pm.gouv.fr
SDFE: Service aux Droits des Femmes et à l'Egalité (in French)
The Women's Rights and Gender Equality Service (SDFE) is the historical and permanent component of French GE and GM institutional machinery. Established in 1990, placed under the responsibility of the so-called "Social Ministries", of which labels and scopes vary over time, it is currently attached to the General Directorate for Social Inclusion (Direction Générale à la Cohésion Sociale, DGCS) of the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health, but also reports to the Women's Rights Ministry reestablished in May, 2012. It coordinates State de-centralized GE services in the 26 French Regions and 100 departments (districts). It also follows up developments at the EU and International (UN) levels, notably as part of the Beijing Platform and the CEDAW. The SDFE concentrates part of the gender policy expertise avalable in France.
[Source: http://eige.europa.eu/content/womens-rights-and-gender-equality-service]
Contact
Service aux Droits des Femmes et à l'Egalité entre les Femmes et les Hommes, Direction Générale de la Cohésion Sociale,
14 avenue Duquesne
Cedex 07 SP,
Zip Code: 75350
E-mail: DGCS-SDFE-SECR-CHEF@social.gouv.fr
Tel.: +33 153861100
Fax: +33 144568719
Comité interministériel aux Droits des femmes et à l'égalité entre les femmes et les hommes
Formerly a Committee for Woman's Rights (1982-2000), it has been (re)established by a decree of the PM on the 30th of September, 2012. It comprises of all Ministers and is aimed to adopt measures relevant to the promotion of women's rights in all policy areas. It shall adopt a transversal action plan to tackle gender inequalities in every policy field, as well as the next action plan against Gender Based Violence. It is to be gathered at least twice a year by the PM. Preparation and follow up are to be assumed by the SDFE.
[Source: http://eige.europa.eu/content/interministerial-committee-for-womens-rights-and-gender-equality]
Contact
Service aux Droits des Femmes et à l'Egalité entre les Femmes et les Hommes, Direction Générale de la Cohésion Sociale,
14 avenue Duquesne
Cedex 07 SP,
Zip Code: 75007
E-mail: DGCS-SDFE-SECR-CHEF@social.gouv.fr
Tel: +33 153861100
Conseil Supérieur à l'Egalité Professionnelle entre les Femmes et les Hommes
Established in July, 1983 by the so-called "Roudy Act" - the first comprehensive legislation passed in France to tackle gender inequality in the work place, it is a consultative body currently attached to the SDFE (DGCS). According to its (revised) founding decree, it is aimed to take part in the definition and implementation of the GE policy in the realm of labour and employment. It is notably consulted on bills or decrees relevant to GE in the workplace or to gender-specific working conditions. Its competencies have yet been broadened and strengthened by a decree of the 30th of April, 2013 and now include: - Work/life conciliation; parental leaves, representation system in the workplace; sexual and moral harassment; initial and on-the-job training; female entrepreneurship - Along with the report to be submitted every two years to the Women's Rights Minister, a regular assessment of planned and implemented actions in those fields is to be performed, with the support of the Ministry of Work & Employment Besides, formerly without a proper administrative structure, this council will be now coordinate by a General Secretary, attached to the SDFE (DGCS)
[Source: http://eige.europa.eu/content/superior-council-for-ge-in-the-workplace]
Contact
Service aux Droits des Femmes et à l'Egalité entre les Femmes et les Hommes, Direction Générale de la Cohésion Sociale,
14 avenue Duquesne
Cedex 07 SP,
Zip Code: 75007
E-mail: DGCS-SDFE-SECR-CHEF@social.gouv.fr
Tel: +33 153861100
Hauts fonctionnaires à l'égalité
Established upon a decision of the Prime Minister on the 27th of June, 2012 and formally implemented on September 6th, 2012. High Profile Public Servants have been appointed in every Ministry but the Ministry of Women's Rights to report on Gender Equality policies and action plans implemented in their respective administrations and policy areas. Either in charge of HRM at the Ministry level or already in charge of Gender Equality or Equal opportunities, those public servants regularly report to the Women's Rights Minister and the SDFE. While most of them are designated as Hauts Fonctionnaires à l'Egalité entre les Femmes et les Hommes, some are differently labelled, due to their grade, as the General Inspector of the Ministry of Agriculture or the Plenipotentiary Minister (2nd Class Embassador) at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. With exception of a few ministries having their own GE unit, most cannot rely upon dedicated administrative ressources.
Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (in French)
The Ministry of Higher Education and Research is clearly committed to combating all forms of discrimination (based on gender, race, etc.). Women in particular are fostered through corresponding higher education and research schemes. The career paths of women academics are therefore a political topic.
Contact
Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche
110, rue de Grenelle,
75357 Paris SP 07
Tel.: +33 1 55 55 10 10
Assemblée Nationale (in French)
Within the National Assembly, there is the “Delegation for the Rights of Women and Equal Opportunities for Women and Men”. The delegation is vested with the task of reporting to the National Assembly on the impact government policy has on the rights of women and equal opportunities for women and men. The duty to perform this task is established in law no. 99-585 of 12 July 1999. This delegation has the right to submit recommendations on the wording of the laws placed on the agenda and to name a representative to speak on its behalf in the plenary assembly.
Sénat (in French)
Within the Senate, the “Delegation for the Rights of Women and Equal Opportunities of Women and Men” was vested with the above-mentioned functions on the basis of statutory provision no. 99-585 of 12 July 1999.
Feminist blogs (in French)
http://rememberresistdonotcomply.wordpress.com/
http://mariannekuhni.wordpress.com/
http://tradfem.wordpress.com/
http://hyenesenjupons.com/
http://www.viedemeuf.fr/
Feminist (online) magazines (in French)
http://resistancesdefemmes.wordpress.com/
http://bitchmagazine.org/
http://www.tv5monde.com/cms/chaine-francophone/Terriennes/p-16162-Accueil.htm
http://www.causette.fr/
Academia
EFiGiES: Association de Jeunes Chercheuses et Chercheurs
en Études Féministes, Genre et Sexualités (in French)
This association was founded in 2003 and aims to offer students, post-graduates and junior fellows of women’s, gender and sexuality studies a platform for exchanging ideas and experiences.
Contact
EFiGiES
50 rue des Tournelles,
75003 Paris
L'Association Nationale des Études Féministes (Anef) (in French, with some German Content)
This association seeks to advance women’s studies in France, internationally and in the interdisciplinary context. It promotes the establishment of research centres, seminars and symposia; the development of courses in feminist studies, index of scholars of feminist and women’s studies, and is engaged in national, European and international networks covering the issues of women’s rights and feminist studies.
Contact
ANEF
34 rue professeur Martin,
31500 Toulouse
Le Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) – Genre (in French)
At this institute, the “genre” is consistently followed in the name of gender. The CNRS strives to promote gender equality at the institute, to cater to the gender approach in all areas of research, to nurture young people, girls in particular, in scientific and technical professions and to intensify European and international relations.
[Source: http://www.efigies.org/activites/partenariats/cnrs-genre/]
Contact
Mission pour la place des femmes au CNRS
Campus Gérard Mégie
3 rue Michel-Ange
75 794 Paris Cedex 16
E-mail: mission.femmes@cnrs.fr
Fax. : +33 (0)1 44 96 49 45
The organization has its own database. It can be viewed and used by clicking the following link: https://recherche.genre.cnrs.fr/ (in French, with a small portion of English content).
La Fédération de recherche sur le genre RING (in French)
Federation coordinates centers of teaching and research teams. It ensures the dissemination of gender studies at the national, European and international level.
Contact
Fédération de recherche sur le genre RING
Université Paris 8 - Bâtiment D - Salle 226
2, rue de la Liberté
93526 - SAINT-DENIS cedex 02
Tel.: +33 149407349
E-mail: genre.ring@univ-paris8.fr
Facebook: https://fr-fr.facebook.com/pages/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration-de-recherche-sur-le-genre-RING/392670380794655
Clasches: Collectif De Lutte Anti-Sexiste Contre Le Harcèlement Sexuel Dans L'Enseignement Supérieur (in French)
Born out of a student group that began in 2002, Clasches became a feminist association campaigning against sexual harassment in higher education in 2003. Here, sexual harassment entails sexism, racism, homo-/transphobia … The association’s primary function is to raise awareness for the fact that sexual harassment occurs in higher education. Its aim is to use awareness and education in universities and colleges to break this taboo. The association informs victims on their legal means available to them, for example, and lends them a voice.
AFFDU: Association française des femmes diplômées de l’université (in French)
This association is the French equivalent of the Deutscher Akademikerinnenbund. AFFDU is a member of the IFUW (International Federation of University Women) and the UWE (University Women of Europe). AFFDU was founded after the First World War in 1920 by women academics who were convinced that educating girls would contribute to social peace and that education was the key to the equal participation of women in society. The current president of AFFDU is Marie-José Jonczy, a doctor of law.
Contact
AFFDU
4, rue de Chevreuse
75006 PARIS
Tel : +33 1 43 20 01 32
Association Femmes et Science (in French, with some English content)
Following the pioneering studies by Huguette Delavault on the overall situation of women in science and the observation that women were notably absent at various important decision levels in science and technology, a group of women from various science disciplines and professional backgrounds founded the association « Women & Science. » The association « Women & Science » has as partners the associations “femmes & mathématiques”, “Femmes Ingénieurs” and “APMST”. The association « Women & Science » is a full member of the “European Platform of Women Scientists (EPWS)” and is represented in its present Board of Administration.
Goals:
- To improve the position of women in science and technology, both in the public and private sectors
- To promote a positive image of science and of women in science among women
- To encourage more young people, and particularly women, to study science or technology and pursue careers in these disciplines
Activities
- Organisation of a yearly conference (see, in French, Section Colloques)
- Numerous role model presentations in secondary schools, presentation stands at the Science Festival and Women’s Day, conferences for teachers and for the general public, production of documents for teenagers and for teachers to advertise and amplify these actions (see, in French, Sections Actions milieu scolaire and Actions grand public)
- Organisation of ongoing seminars, setting up contacts with similar European and international associations (see, in French, Section Actions femmes scientifiques)
- Advising institutions and companies on policies concerning women, participation in several major national committees (see, in French, Section Actions politiques)
Contact
Association Femmes & Sciences – 9, rue Vésale – 75005 Paris
E-mail : secretariat@femmesetsciences.fr
Tel : +33 (0)1 47 70 85 35
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Femmes-Sciences/136873313154730?ref=ts&fref=ts
WeAVE (in Englisch)
Emerged from the ATHENA Student Forum and launched in 2006, WeAVE’s main objective is to network the existing gender studies networks, as well as encouraging new networks to be formed in order to create an ever expanding and transforming tapestry of European feminist futures. WeAVE is interested in publishing, communication, and maintaining a platform for the exchange of ideas. It promotes new perspectives in the fields of gender theory, gender methodology, and ‘feminist academic careers.
Description of state of source material
The source material is very good once you have located the key words: "non-discrimination" and "parité", etc. Knowledge of French is very useful. However, once a homepage has been found, locating other actors and information is easy.
This study was conducted by Tanja Berger und Pamela Dorsch and comissioned by the Gunda Werner Institute of the Heinrich Böll Foundation in 2010. Last Updated End 2014/Beginning 2015.
All images, except marked otherwise Public Domain CC0
